Abundance and Species Diversity of Phytoplankton in the Waters of the Air Hitam Strait, Meranti Islands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31258/jocos.7.3.144-150Keywords:
phytoplankton, abundance, diversity, water quality, Selat Air HitamAbstract
The Air Hitam Strait, located in Meranti Islands Regency, Indonesia, is an estuarine ecosystem influenced by the mixing of seawater and freshwater, making it a potentially productive habitat for phytoplankton communities. This study aimed to analyze phytoplankton abundance and diversity and their relationship with water quality in the study area. The study was conducted in December 2025 using a survey method, and phytoplankton samples were collected horizontally at three sampling stations representing port, mangrove, and residential areas. The observed parameters included species composition, abundance, diversity index (H′), and water quality characteristics. The results showed that the phytoplankton community consisted of 18 species from four classes: Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Euglenophyceae. Phytoplankton abundance ranged from 8,109 to 11,798 ind/L, with the highest abundance recorded at Station III (residential area). One-way ANOVA indicated significant differences in phytoplankton abundance among sampling stations (p < 0.05). The diversity index (H′) ranged from 3.4783 to 3.9057 and was classified as high, indicating a relatively stable phytoplankton community. In conclusion, environmental conditions and anthropogenic activities influenced phytoplankton abundance and diversity in the Air Hitam Strait, while the overall water conditions remained favorable for sustaining phytoplankton communities
Downloads
References
[APHA] American Public Health Association. (1912). Standard methods for the examination of water and sewage. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (US), & American Water Works Association.
Alongi, D.M. (2021). Responses of mangrove ecosystems to climate change in the Anthropocene. In Mangroves: Ecology, biodiversity and management (pp. 201-224). Springer. Singapore.
Alviyanti, D., Akhidah, Y., & Asadi, M. A. (2025). Dynamics of oceanographic factors and plankton structure communities in sempu strait, Malang, Indonesia. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 9(3): 1-12.
Astriana, B. H., Putra, A. P., & Junaidi, M. (2022). Kelimpahan fitoplankton sebagai indikator kualitas perairan di Perairan Laut Labangka, Kabupaten Sumbawa. Jurnal Perikanan Unram, 12(4): 710-721.
Davis, G.C. (1995). The marine and freshwater plankton. Michigan State University Press, USA.
Erfianti, T., Daryono, B.S., Budiman, A., & Suyono, E.A. (2024). Growth and metabolite enhancement of acidophile Euglena sp. isolated from Indonesia under different photoperiod cycles. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 16(1).
Estin, A. E., Salwiyah, S., Oetama, D., & Wahyudi, A.I. (2025). Peranan parameter fisika kimia terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton di desa Leppe, Kecamatan Soropia, Kabupaten Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan, 2(3): 24-37.
Firdaus, M.R., & Wijayanti, L.A.S. (2019). Fitoplankton dan siklus karbon global. Oseana, 44(2): 35-48.
Fynnisa, Z., Nugroho, E.D., Sakaria, F.S., Juniatmoko, R., Sinurat, J., Polapa, F.S., ... & Setyono, B.D.H. (2024). Ekologi perairan. Penerbit Widina.
Hertika, A.M.S., Arsad, S., & Putra, R.B.D.S. (2021). Ilmu tentang plankton dan peranannya di lingkungan perairan. Universitas Brawijaya Press.
Hidayati, D., Saptarini, D., Wirawan, E.T., Mulyadi, Y., & Syahroni, N. (2024). The community structure of plankton at floating net cages aquaculture area in Sendang Biru Water, Indonesia. BIO Web of Conferences, 89:12003).
Kamaruddin, E. (2018). Plankton abundance in ecosystem of Tebing Tinggi Island, District Meranti Island, Riau, Indonesia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology.
Mala, A.G.G.A., Sine, K.G., & Kangkan, A.L. (2024). Kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman fitoplankton di perairan wisata Pantai Lasiana Kota Kupang. Jurnal Bahari Papadak, 5(1): 142-152.
Mandeno, S., & Kasim, M.R. (2025). Struktur komunitas fitoplankton pada badan air di sekitar perairan Pulau Bungkutoko pasca pembangunan pelabuhan peti kemas. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan, 2(1), 57-69.
Odum, E. P., & Barrett, G.W. (1971). Fundamentals of ecology. Thomson
Rahmah, N., Zulfikar, A., & Apriadi, T. (2022). Kelimpahan fitoplankton dan kaitannya dengan beberapa parameter lingkungan perairan di estuari Sei Carang Kota Tanjungpinang. Journal of Marine Research, 11(2): 189-200.
Shannon, C. E. (1997). The mathematical theory of communication. MD Computing, 14(4): 306-317.
Tambaru, R., Massinai, A., Amri, K., Saru, A., & Umar, E.P. (2022). Proportion of daily abundance of phytoplankton based on time changes in periods of the best incubation time in marine waters. Barakuda 45: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan dan Kelautan, 4(2): 193-202.
Wijaya, N.I., Sari, A.K.A., & Mahmiah, M. (2022). Pengaruh konsentrasi fosfat dan nitrat terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton di perairan mangrove gunung Anyar, Surabaya. Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu, 10(1): 64-77.
Yamaji, I. (1976). Illustration of the marine plankton of Japan. Hoikusha Publ. Co Ltd., Japan 572 p.
Zainuri, M., Indriyawati, N., Syarifah, W., & Fitriyah, A. (2023). Korelasi intensitas cahaya dan suhu terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton di perairan estuari Ujung Piring, Bangkalan. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 12(1): 20-26
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Triyana Putri, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Syafruddin Nasution (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
